Synod Wars

325- The Great Council of Nicaea- Arius is condemned and homoousios is put into the creed.
335- The Synod of Tyre- Athanasius is first condemned.
335- The Synod of Jerusalem- The first of the “Arian” councils. The synod asks for Arius to be reinstated to Christian communion.
339- Synod of Antioch- Athanasius is again condemned.
340- Synod of Rome- Athanasius is restored and proclaimed to retain Episcopal authority.
341- Synod of Antioch- Anti-Nicenes react and draft a new creed, the “Dedication Creed.”
343- General Council of Serdica- Failed attempt at reconciliation between Pro-Nicenes and Anti-Nicenes.
347- Council of Milan- Valens and Ursacius are restored to their sees.
351- 1st Synod of Sirmium- Adopts “Dedication Creed.”
353- Synod of Rome- Athanasius is again restored to his see.
353- Synod of Arles- Athanasius is again condemned.
355- Synod of Milan- Athanasius and his supporters are again condemned and banished.
356- Council of Beziers- Hilary of Poiters is exiled for his excommunication of Saturninus, Valens, and Ursacius.
357- Council of Sirmium- The “Blasphemy” is first written.
358- Synod of Ancrya- Homoiousians reject Anomeanism.
359- Council of Sirmium- Dated Creed written.
359- Council of Seleucia- Homoeans adopt Dated Creed.
360- Council of Arminium- Western Bishops reject Dated Creed, but their later delegates are later persuaded to adopt the conclusion of Seleucia.
360- Council of Constantinople- With Constantius presiding, the conclusion of Seleucia is adopted as the official creed of the Roman Empire.

360- Synod of Paris- Lead by Hilary of Poitiers, the Western Bishops condemn Homoeanism and vindicate Athanasius.
362- Synod of Alexandria- Lead by Athanasius, the Egyptian Church condemns Homoeanism and confesses again the homoousios.

381- Ecumenical Council of Constantinople- Under the new imperial leadership of Theodosius, Nicaea is reaffirmed and the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed is composed. Homoousious is finally vindicated once and for all.

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About Steven Wedgeworth

Steven Wedgeworth is the associate pastor of Faith Presbyterian Church in Vancouver, British Columbia. He writes about theology, history, and political theory, and he has taught Jr. High and High School. He is the founder and general editor of The Calvinist International, an online journal of Christian Humanism and political theology, and a Director for the Davenant Institute.

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